Protocols

                                         <p>An energy scalable protocols for battery-operated micro sensor networks is studied [38].             Protocols for self organization of a wireless sensor network is studied in [37]. Shankar                et al. [34] provides a cluster based protocol in which only a small fraction of the nodes               make expensive long distance base station transfers [34] Shankar et al. [34] also proposed              a tree based protocol. A measurement of energy efficiency shows that cluster                based method is better than tree based protocol. Mentionable, [34] studied the algorithms               using bio sensors having small but continuous power supply. A physical layer                driven approach to designing protocols and algorithms is proposed [35]. The paper introduces                the design of physical layer aware protocols, algorithms, and applications that             minimize energy consumption of the system. An energy efficient protocol to initialize               a sensor node in a WSN is also presented in [35]. Power aware multi access protocol             with signalling for adhoc networks is provided in [32].</p>             <p>Harsh environment with severe resource constraints includes an application-specific              protocol architecture, rather than the traditional layered approach, to obtain the best             possible performance [33]. The study [33] develops LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive               Clustering Hierarchy), an architecture for remote micro sensor networks that combines               the ideas of energy-efficient cluster-based routing and media access together with              application-specific data aggregation to achieve good performance in terms of system                lifetime, latency, and application-perceived quality. This approach improves system             lifetime by an order of magnitude compared to general-purpose approaches when the               node energy is limited [33]. The study [33] also develops an unequal error protection               scheme for MPEG-4 compressed video delivery that adapts the level of protection applied             to portions of a packet to the degree of importance of the corresponding bits. This             approach obtains better application-perceived performance than current approaches               for the same amount of transmission bandwidth [33]. These two systems show that             application-specific protocol architectures achieve the energy and latency efficiency and               error robustness needed for wireless networks [33].</p>                                             <h2 class="left">References</h2>                [32] R.S. Bhuvaneswaran, J.L. Bordim, J. Cui, T. Hayashi, and N. Ishii. An energy               efficient initialization protocol for wireless sensor networks. In IEICE Transac.               Fundamentals, volume E-85A(2), pages 447-454, Feb. 2002.<br /><br />                [33] W.B. Heinzelman. Application specific protocol architectures for wireless networks.                Ph.D. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000.<br /><br />              [34] V. Shankar, A. Natarajan, S.K.S. Gupta, and L. Schwiebert. Energy efficient                protocols for wireless communication in bio sensor networks. In In 12th IEEE                International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications,                volume 1, pages 114-118, Sep. 2001.<br /><br />             [35] E. Shih, S. Cho, N. Ickes, R. Min, A. Sinha, A. Wang, and A. Chandrakasan.             Physical layer driven protocol and algorithm design for energy efficient wireless               sensor networks. The 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing                and networking, pages 272-287,  2001.<br /><br />               [36] S. Singh and C. Raghavendra. Pamas: Power aware multi access protocol with             signalling for ad hoc networks. ACM Computer Communications Review, 1999.<br /><br />               [37] K. Sohrabi, J. Gao, V. Ailawadhi, and G.J. Pottie. Protocols for self organization             of a wireless sensor network. IEEE Personal Communications, 7(5):16-27, Oct             2000.<br /><br />               [38] A. Wang, W. R. Heinzelman, and A. Chandrakasan. Energy scalable protocols              for battery-operated microsensor networks. In Proc. of the 1999 IEEE Workshop               on Signal Processing Systems, pages 483-492, Oct 1999.<br /><br /> From: http://sitestree.com/?p=5314<br /> Categories:111<br />Tags:<br /> Post Data:2009-04-24 12:44:32<br />

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