{"id":78732,"date":"2026-06-28T14:42:17","date_gmt":"2026-06-28T14:42:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?p=78732"},"modified":"2026-06-28T14:43:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-28T14:43:45","slug":"understanding-host-only-networking-in-oracle-virtualbox-concepts-tools-ip-addressing-dhcp-and-practical-options","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?p=78732","title":{"rendered":"Understanding Host-Only Networking in Oracle VirtualBox: Concepts, Tools, IP Addressing, DHCP, and Practical Options"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ref: Oracle VirtualBox User Guide: VirtualBox supports configurable virtual network cards per VM, host-only networking connects VMs with each other and the host while keeping them away from the outside network, and VirtualBox includes a DHCP server for host-only\/internal networks. (<a href=\"https:\/\/download.virtualbox.org\/virtualbox\/UserManual.pdf\">VirtualBox<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/download.virtualbox.org\/virtualbox\/UserManual.pdf\">VirtualBox<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Oracle VirtualBox provides several networking modes for virtual machines. Each mode answers a different question:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Should the virtual machine access the Internet?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Should the virtual machine appear on the same network as the physical host?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Should virtual machines communicate only with each other?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Should the host computer be able to communicate with the virtual machines?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Should the virtual network use static IP addresses or DHCP?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the most useful modes for learning, testing, development, cybersecurity labs, server labs, and isolated multi-VM environments is <strong>Host-Only Networking<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A host-only network creates a private virtual network between the host computer and one or more virtual machines. It behaves like a small private LAN inside the physical computer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. What Is Host-Only Networking?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Host-only networking is a VirtualBox networking mode where:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The host computer can communicate with the virtual machine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Virtual machines connected to the same host-only network can communicate with each other.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The virtual machines normally cannot access the outside physical network or the Internet through the host-only adapter alone.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A separate virtual network interface is created on the host system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In simple terms, host-only networking creates a private network inside your computer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Image 1: Basic Host-Only Network<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>flowchart LR\n    H&#91;Host Computer&lt;br&gt;Host-Only Adapter&lt;br&gt;192.168.56.1]\n    S&#91;Server VM&lt;br&gt;192.168.56.10]\n    C&#91;Client VM&lt;br&gt;192.168.56.20]\n\n    H --- S\n    H --- C\n    S --- C\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this diagram, the host computer and both virtual machines are connected to the same private virtual network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Why Use Host-Only Networking?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Host-only networking is useful when you want a controlled and isolated environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Common use cases include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Server administration labs<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can create a Windows Server VM and a client VM, then test services such as DNS, DHCP, Active Directory, file sharing, remote administration, and web hosting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Software development<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A developer can run a web server, database server, or API server inside a VM and access it from the host machine without exposing it to the outside network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cybersecurity practice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Host-only networking is useful when testing security tools because the traffic stays inside the host-only environment. This reduces the risk of accidentally exposing services to the real LAN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Multi-VM application testing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A web server VM, database VM, and client VM can communicate privately, just like machines in a small internal data center.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Training and teaching<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Instructors can use host-only networks to build repeatable lab environments without depending on school, office, or home network settings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Main Components of Host-Only Networking<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Host-only networking depends on several VirtualBox components.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 VirtualBox Host-Only Network<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is the virtual network segment. It is similar to a private LAN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example network:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Network:      192.168.56.0\/24\nSubnet mask:  255.255.255.0\nUsable range: 192.168.56.1 to 192.168.56.254\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The exact network range can be changed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 Host-Only Adapter on the Host<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VirtualBox creates a virtual network adapter on the host operating system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On Windows, it may appear as something like:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On Linux or macOS, the name may be different.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This adapter receives an IP address on the host-only network, such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>192.168.56.1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That IP belongs to the host computer, not to the VM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 VM Virtual Network Adapter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each virtual machine has one or more virtual network adapters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Inside VirtualBox:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>VM Settings \u2192 Network \u2192 Adapter 1\nAttached to: Host-only Adapter\nName: VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This connects the VM to the host-only network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4 VirtualBox DHCP Server<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VirtualBox can run a built-in DHCP server for host-only networks. If enabled, it automatically gives IP addresses to VMs on that network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>DHCP server: 192.168.56.100\nDHCP range:  192.168.56.101 - 192.168.56.254\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is convenient when you want quick automatic IP addressing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, if you are testing your own DHCP server inside a VM, you may want to disable VirtualBox DHCP so that your VM-based DHCP server is the only DHCP server on the private network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.5 VBoxManage<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>VBoxManage<\/code> is the VirtualBox command-line management tool.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It can create, modify, list, and control networks and VM network adapters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example uses:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>VBoxManage list hostonlyifs\nVBoxManage list hostonlynets\nVBoxManage list dhcpservers\nVBoxManage modifyvm \"VM Name\" --nic1 hostonly\nVBoxManage dhcpserver add ...\nVBoxManage dhcpserver remove ...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The GUI is easier for beginners, but <code>VBoxManage<\/code> is powerful for automation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. How Host-Only Networking Works<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A host-only network behaves like a virtual Ethernet switch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The host computer and VMs connect to the same private switch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Image 2: Host-Only Network as a Virtual Switch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>flowchart TB\n    SW&#91;VirtualBox Host-Only Network&lt;br&gt;Virtual Switch]\n    H&#91;Host Adapter&lt;br&gt;192.168.56.1]\n    VM1&#91;VM 1&lt;br&gt;192.168.56.10]\n    VM2&#91;VM 2&lt;br&gt;192.168.56.20]\n    VM3&#91;VM 3&lt;br&gt;DHCP or Static IP]\n\n    SW --- H\n    SW --- VM1\n    SW --- VM2\n    SW --- VM3\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When VM1 pings VM2, traffic stays inside the virtual network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When the host pings VM1, traffic goes through the host-only adapter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When VM1 tries to access the Internet through only the host-only adapter, it normally fails because host-only networking is not designed to route traffic to the outside network by default.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. How IP Address Assignment Works<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A VM on a host-only network needs an IP address.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are three common ways to assign IP addresses:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Static IP address<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VirtualBox built-in DHCP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A DHCP server running inside one of the VMs<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 Static IP Addressing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With static IP addressing, you manually configure the IP address inside the guest operating system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Host-only network: 192.168.56.0\/24\nHost adapter:      192.168.56.1\nServer VM:         192.168.56.10\nClient VM:         192.168.56.20\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is simple and predictable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Advantages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Easy to understand<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Good for server labs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Good when IP addresses must stay fixed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No DHCP dependency<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Disadvantages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Manual work<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mistakes can cause duplicate IP addresses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Not ideal for large numbers of VMs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 VirtualBox Built-In DHCP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VirtualBox can automatically assign IP addresses to VMs on host-only networks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>VirtualBox DHCP range: 192.168.56.100 - 192.168.56.200\nClient VM receives:    192.168.56.101\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Advantages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Quick setup<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No need to configure IPs manually<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Useful for simple testing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Disadvantages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Less control<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>May conflict with another DHCP server<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Not ideal when learning or testing DHCP server configuration<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3 DHCP Server Running Inside a VM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can install a DHCP server inside a VM, such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Windows Server DHCP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Linux ISC DHCP Server<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kea DHCP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dnsmasq<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pfSense DHCP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OPNsense DHCP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this design, one VM becomes the DHCP server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Host adapter:        192.168.56.1\nDHCP Server VM:      192.168.56.10\nDHCP scope\/range:    192.168.56.100 - 192.168.56.150\nClient VM receives:  192.168.56.100\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Image 3: VM-Based DHCP Server<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sequenceDiagram\n    participant Client as Client VM\n    participant Network as Host-Only Network\n    participant DHCP as DHCP Server VM\n\n    Client-&gt;&gt;Network: DHCP Discover\n    Network-&gt;&gt;DHCP: Broadcast reaches DHCP server\n    DHCP-&gt;&gt;Client: DHCP Offer\n    Client-&gt;&gt;DHCP: DHCP Request\n    DHCP-&gt;&gt;Client: DHCP Acknowledge\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This process is commonly called <strong>DORA<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>D = Discover\nO = Offer\nR = Request\nA = Acknowledge\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Advantages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Realistic server practice<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Good for Windows Server or Linux networking labs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Full control over scope, lease duration, DNS options, reservations, and exclusions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Disadvantages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>More setup required<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VirtualBox DHCP should usually be disabled to avoid conflict<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Troubleshooting requires more networking knowledge<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Static IP vs DHCP: Which Should You Use?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Scenario<\/th><th>Better Choice<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>One or two fixed servers<\/td><td>Static IP<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Quick VM testing<\/td><td>VirtualBox DHCP<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Learning DHCP service configuration<\/td><td>VM-based DHCP<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Active Directory domain controller<\/td><td>Static IP<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Temporary client VM<\/td><td>DHCP<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Firewall\/router appliance lab<\/td><td>Static IP on router\/firewall, DHCP for clients<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Multi-VM enterprise simulation<\/td><td>Mix of static and DHCP<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A common design is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Infrastructure servers: Static IP\nClient machines: DHCP\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>DNS Server:      192.168.56.10 static\nDHCP Server:     192.168.56.11 static\nWeb Server:      192.168.56.20 static\nClient PCs:      192.168.56.100 - 192.168.56.200 via DHCP\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Host-Only vs NAT vs Bridged vs Internal Network<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VirtualBox provides multiple networking modes. Host-only is only one of them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.1 NAT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NAT is often the default networking mode.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The VM can access the Internet through the host, but other computers usually cannot directly access the VM unless port forwarding is configured.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Best for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Internet access from VM<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Simple browsing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Software updates<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basic VM use<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.2 Bridged Adapter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bridged networking connects the VM directly to the physical network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The VM behaves like another computer on the same LAN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Best for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Making the VM visible to other physical computers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Server testing on the real LAN<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Network services that must be reachable by other devices<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Risk:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The VM is exposed to the physical network.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHCP may come from the real router or real network DHCP server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some Wi-Fi networks or corporate networks may restrict bridged VMs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.3 Internal Network<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Internal networking allows VMs to communicate only with other VMs on the same internal network. The host is not part of the network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Best for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Very isolated VM-to-VM testing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Security labs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Private backend networks<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.4 Host-Only Network<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Host-only networking allows communication between the host and VMs, and between VMs on the same host-only network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Best for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Labs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Development<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Server testing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Private VM networks where the host still needs access<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Image 4: Networking Mode Comparison<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>flowchart TD\n    A&#91;VirtualBox Networking Modes]\n\n    A --&gt; NAT&#91;NAT&lt;br&gt;VM to Internet through host]\n    A --&gt; BR&#91;Bridged&lt;br&gt;VM joins physical LAN]\n    A --&gt; INT&#91;Internal Network&lt;br&gt;VM-to-VM only]\n    A --&gt; HO&#91;Host-Only&lt;br&gt;Host-to-VM and VM-to-VM]\n\n    NAT --&gt; N1&#91;Good for Internet access]\n    BR --&gt; B1&#91;Good for real LAN visibility]\n    INT --&gt; I1&#91;Good for isolated VM networks]\n    HO --&gt; H1&#91;Good for private labs and development]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. When to Use Multiple Network Adapters<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A VM can have more than one network adapter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Adapter 1: NAT\nAdapter 2: Host-only\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This gives the VM:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Internet access through NAT<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Private communication with the host and other VMs through host-only<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example design<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Web Server VM\nAdapter 1: NAT        \u2192 Internet updates\nAdapter 2: Host-only  \u2192 Private lab network\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Image 5: Dual-Adapter VM<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>flowchart LR\n    Internet&#91;Internet]\n    Host&#91;Host Computer]\n    VM&#91;Virtual Machine&lt;br&gt;Adapter 1: NAT&lt;br&gt;Adapter 2: Host-only]\n    Private&#91;Host-Only Network&lt;br&gt;Private Lab LAN]\n\n    VM --&gt; Internet\n    Host --- Private\n    Private --- VM\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This setup is useful when you need Internet access but also want an isolated lab network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. Creating a Host-Only Network in the VirtualBox GUI<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The exact menu names can vary slightly by version and operating system, but the general process is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open VirtualBox Manager.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Go to Tools or File \u2192 Tools.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open Network Manager.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Find the Host-Only Networks section.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Create a new host-only network.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Configure the IPv4 address and subnet mask.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Decide whether to enable or disable the VirtualBox DHCP server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open the VM settings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Go to Network.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enable a network adapter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Set \u201cAttached to\u201d as Host-only Adapter or Host-only Network.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the host-only network name.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Start the VM and configure IP settings inside the guest OS.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example host-only network configuration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>IPv4 address: 192.168.56.1\nIPv4 mask:    255.255.255.0\nDHCP:         enabled or disabled depending on your purpose\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. Creating or Managing Host-Only Networks with VBoxManage<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>VBoxManage<\/code> can be used instead of the GUI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Useful commands include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>VBoxManage list hostonlyifs\nVBoxManage list hostonlynets\nVBoxManage list dhcpservers\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To configure a VM adapter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>VBoxManage modifyvm \"MyVM\" --nic1 hostonly\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depending on the VirtualBox version and host platform, host-only networks and host-only interfaces may be managed with commands such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>VBoxManage hostonlynet add\nVBoxManage hostonlynet modify\nVBoxManage hostonlyif create\nVBoxManage hostonlyif ipconfig\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To manage the built-in DHCP server:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>VBoxManage dhcpserver add\nVBoxManage dhcpserver modify\nVBoxManage dhcpserver remove\nVBoxManage dhcpserver start\nVBoxManage dhcpserver stop\nVBoxManage dhcpserver findlease\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The GUI is usually easier for beginners. The command line is better for repeatable lab setup and automation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. Should VirtualBox DHCP Be Enabled or Disabled?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It depends on what you want to achieve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Enable VirtualBox DHCP when:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>You want quick automatic IP addresses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You do not care which DHCP server gives the address.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You are not testing DHCP server configuration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You want a simple private network with minimal setup.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Disable VirtualBox DHCP when:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>You are testing your own DHCP server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You want to manually assign static IP addresses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You want to avoid DHCP conflicts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You need predictable IP addressing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You are simulating enterprise DHCP behavior.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A good rule:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>If the purpose is convenience, VirtualBox DHCP is fine.\nIf the purpose is learning or testing DHCP, disable VirtualBox DHCP and use your own DHCP server.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">12. How to Verify IP Addressing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Inside a Windows guest:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ipconfig \/all\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Inside a Linux guest:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ip addr\nip route\ncat \/etc\/resolv.conf\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From one VM to another:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ping 192.168.56.10\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From Windows PowerShell:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Test-Connection 192.168.56.10\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Things to check:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>IP address\nSubnet mask\nDefault gateway\nDNS server\nDHCP enabled or disabled\nDHCP server address\nMAC address\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">13. Common Host-Only Network Problems<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Problem 1: VM gets 169.254.x.x address<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <code>169.254.x.x<\/code> address usually means the VM tried to use DHCP but did not receive a response.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Possible causes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>DHCP server is disabled.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHCP server is not reachable.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VM is connected to the wrong adapter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Network cable option is unchecked.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Firewall is blocking traffic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHCP scope is misconfigured.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Problem 2: VM cannot ping another VM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Check:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Are both VMs on the same host-only network?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Are both VMs in the same IP subnet?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is the firewall blocking ping?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is the VM network adapter enabled?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is the virtual cable connected?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Problem 3: VM gets IP from wrong DHCP server<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This can happen if multiple DHCP servers exist on the same network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Check the DHCP server line:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ipconfig \/all\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the DHCP server is not the one you expected, disable the unwanted DHCP server or move the VM to a different virtual network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Problem 4: Host cannot reach VM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Check:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Host-only adapter exists on the host.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Host-only adapter has the correct IP address.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VM is connected to the same host-only network.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Guest firewall allows the required traffic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VM IP address is in the same subnet as the host-only adapter.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">14. Practical Design Examples<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 1: Simple Host-to-VM Development<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Host:      192.168.56.1\nWeb VM:    192.168.56.10\nDatabase:  192.168.56.20\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The host browser can open:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>http:&#47;&#47;192.168.56.10\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The web VM can connect to the database VM privately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 2: Server and Client Lab<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Server VM: 192.168.56.10 static\nClient VM: 192.168.56.20 static or DHCP\nHost:      192.168.56.1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is useful for practicing DNS, DHCP, file sharing, remote management, and web services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 3: Dual-Network Server<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Adapter 1: NAT\nAdapter 2: Host-only\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The VM uses NAT for updates and host-only networking for private lab communication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 4: Firewall\/Router Lab<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Firewall VM\nAdapter 1: NAT or Bridged\nAdapter 2: Host-only\n\nClient VM\nAdapter 1: Host-only\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The firewall VM can act as a router between the private host-only network and another network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">15. Security Considerations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Host-only networking is safer than bridged networking for many lab situations because the VM is not automatically exposed to the physical LAN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, it is not the same as perfect security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Remember:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The host can communicate with the VMs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VMs on the same host-only network can communicate with each other.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Services inside VMs may still be reachable from the host.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A dual-adapter VM may connect the private network to another network if routing is enabled.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Firewalls inside the guest operating system still matter.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For sensitive testing, use snapshots and isolated networks carefully.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">16. Best Practices<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Use static IP addresses for infrastructure machines:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>DNS servers\nDHCP servers\nDomain controllers\nRouters\nFirewalls\nDatabase servers\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Use DHCP for client machines:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Desktop clients\nTest clients\nTemporary VMs\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Use separate host-only networks for separate labs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Lab A: 192.168.56.0\/24\nLab B: 192.168.57.0\/24\nLab C: 192.168.58.0\/24\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Avoid running multiple DHCP servers on the same virtual network unless you are intentionally testing that scenario.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Document your network:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Network name\nSubnet\nHost adapter IP\nDHCP range\nStatic server IPs\nGateway\nDNS server\nVM adapter mode\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Host-only networking in Oracle VirtualBox is one of the most useful networking modes for building private virtual labs. It gives the host and virtual machines a shared private network while keeping the VMs isolated from the outside network by default.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IP addressing can be handled manually with static addresses, automatically through VirtualBox DHCP, or through a DHCP server running inside a virtual machine. The best choice depends on the purpose of the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For quick testing, VirtualBox DHCP is convenient. For server administration, networking, and enterprise simulation, static IP addresses and a VM-based DHCP server provide more control and realism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A good host-only network design is simple, documented, and intentional. Decide which machines need static IPs, which machines should use DHCP, whether Internet access is needed, and whether the host should be able to access the services inside the VMs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ref: AI Tools, ChatGPT<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ref: Oracle VirtualBox User Guide: VirtualBox supports configurable virtual network cards per VM, host-only networking connects VMs with each other and the host while keeping them away from the outside network, and VirtualBox includes a DHCP server for host-only\/internal networks. (VirtualBox) (VirtualBox) Introduction Oracle VirtualBox provides several networking modes for virtual machines. Each mode answers &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?p=78732\">Continue reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1978,1981],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-computer-networks","category-power-shell","item-wrap"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":78723,"url":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?p=78723","url_meta":{"origin":78732,"position":0},"title":"How to? Disable VirtualBox DHCP for host-only network","author":"Sayed","date":"June 28, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Ref: AI Tools, ChatGPT, Similar \u201cDisable VirtualBox DHCP for host-only network\u201d means: Turn off the built-in DHCP server inside VirtualBox, so your Windows Server DHCP service becomes the only DHCP server giving IP addresses to the client VM. Why this matters In your DHCP lab, students are installing and configuring\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Computer Networks&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Computer Networks","link":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?cat=1978"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bangla.sitestree.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-7.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bangla.sitestree.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-7.png?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bangla.sitestree.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-7.png?resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bangla.sitestree.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-7.png?resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":78627,"url":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?p=78627","url_meta":{"origin":78732,"position":1},"title":"How to Run the GNS3 VM Inside Oracle VirtualBox","author":"Author-Check- Article-or-Video","date":"November 26, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"How to Run the GNS3 VM Inside Oracle VirtualBox Here is a clean, fully rewritten, plagiarism-free, blog-ready version that covers both the step-by-step tutorial and the architecture diagram explanation, merged into one smooth article. You can publish this as-is. How to Run the GNS3 VM Inside Oracle VirtualBox A Complete\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Computer Networks&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Computer Networks","link":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?cat=1978"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":78395,"url":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?p=78395","url_meta":{"origin":78732,"position":2},"title":"GNS 3 and Oracle VirtualBox &#8211; Make Them Work Together. Use VM as Devices in GNS 3.","author":"Sayed","date":"August 27, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"How do you create a LAN segment like this in GNS3? It has two Ubuntu Virtual MachinesConnected to Oracle VirtualBox VMsOne Ubuntu\/Linux acts as the DHCP Server Another Ubuntu\/Linux acts as the DHCP Client Hints\/Steps: In Oracle VirtualBox, create two Ubuntu Machines (Virtual). These can be two new machines, or\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Computer Networks&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Computer Networks","link":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?cat=1978"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bangla.sitestree.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-12.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":78441,"url":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?p=78441","url_meta":{"origin":78732,"position":3},"title":"How to import GNS VM into VirtualBox","author":"Sayed","date":"September 1, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Perfect \ud83d\udc4d Here\u2019s a copyright-free infographic style summary of how to import GNS3 VM into VirtualBox \u2014 short, clean, and ready for FB\/blog use: (ChatGpt) Similar steps worked for me. \ud83d\ude80 Importing GNS3 VM into VirtualBox \u2013 Quick Guide \ud83d\udce5 1. Download Get the GNS3 VM (VirtualBox .ova file) from\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Computer Networks&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Computer Networks","link":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?cat=1978"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":78621,"url":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?p=78621","url_meta":{"origin":78732,"position":4},"title":"Some Details on Network Adapter Settings for GNS VM in VirtualBox","author":"Author-Check- Article-or-Video","date":"November 26, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Here is a polished, blog-ready rewrite \u2014 copyright-free, plagiarism-free, and integrity-safe. How to Configure Network Adapters for the GNS3 VM in VirtualBox When running the GNS3 VM inside VirtualBox, proper network adapter configuration is essential. The GNS3 GUI on your host system relies on these adapters to communicate with the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Computer Networks&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Computer Networks","link":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?cat=1978"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":78443,"url":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?p=78443","url_meta":{"origin":78732,"position":5},"title":"How to configure VirtualBox adapters for your GNS3 VM with GNS3 GUI.","author":"Sayed","date":"September 1, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"How to configure VirtualBox adapters for your GNS3 VM with GNS3 GUI. Perfect! Here\u2019s a step-by-step guide to configure VirtualBox adapters for your GNS3 VM so everything communicates properly with your host and GNS3 GUI. Step 1: Open VirtualBox Settings for GNS3 VM Launch VirtualBox. Select your GNS3 VM \u2192\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Computer Networks&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Computer Networks","link":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/?cat=1978"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=78732"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78732\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":78735,"href":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78732\/revisions\/78735"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=78732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=78732"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bangla.sitestree.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=78732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}